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Wedge geometry

The wedge is a 2D rigid body analysed per metre of development along the crest.

Frame and notation

Symbol Meaning
O toe of the slope, origin of the coordinate system (0, 0)
+X toward the mountain (intact rock)
+Y vertical, upward
B crest of the slope face
C top of the failure plane on the upper bench
D top of the tension crack (only with TC)

Input parameters

Parameter Symbol Units Notes
Slope height H m from toe O to crest B
Slope face dip β ° typically 60–90° for rock
Failure plane dip α ° from horizontal; must satisfy α < β (daylighting)
Upper face dip ψ ° 0 = horizontal bench; positive = rising toward the mountain
Block depth B m length perpendicular to the section; scales results to totals

Tension crack (optional)

Toggle to define a TC and fill in:

  • T — distance of the TC from the crest [m]
  • θ — crack dip [°] (90° = vertical, 70° = back-tilted, etc.)

The TC introduces an extra water force V in the joint (if Zt > 0) and shortens the failure plane.

Computed geometry

The right column shows:

  • L failure plane length (O → C without TC, O → D with TC)
  • M upper bench length (B → C or B → D)
  • Q tension crack length
  • A wedge area (per metre of section)
  • (xg, yg) centroid coordinates
  • W weight per metre = γ · A

α critical

Use the α crit button to automatically find the failure plane dip that minimises FS within the kinematically admissible range. Read more →